Lipid metabolism and inflammation
Lipid Metabolism & Inflammation
LDL and triglycerides: blood lipids studied in human trials
A pooled analysis of two 12 week high glucoraphanin broccoli trials found a larger LDL decrease than with standard broccoli. A separate four week trial in people with diabetes found lower triglycerides and higher HDL.
- 130 participants
- Combined total for the two LDL trials
- 12 weeks
- LDL trial duration
- 400 g/week
- Amount of broccoli consumed
LDL Reduction · Trial 2
Reduction from baseline · %
93 participants · pooled between-group p = 0.031 in the original paper
Broccoli 400 g/week · 12 weeks
Read Armah · 2015 →View values and units
| Group | Value |
|---|---|
| Standard broccoli | 2.5 |
| High-GLR broccoli | 5.1 |
Blood Lipids · 4-Week Trial
Reported change in the 10 g/day group
- Triglycerides
- Decrease
- HDL
- Increase
Direction of lipid changes
People with type 2 diabetes · placebo-controlled
Read Bahadoran · 2012 →Lipid metabolism and inflammation · research results at a glance
5 studies
Blood lipids · controlled human trials
| Study and participants | Intake and observation | Findings and context |
|---|---|---|
| Armah · 2015 Two independent randomized trials |
Broccoli 400g/week · 12 weeks GLR-rich versus standard variety | LDL decreased 7.1% and 5.1% in two trialsFinding: LDL fell 7.1% and 5.1% in the high GLR groups and 1.8% and 2.5% in the standard groups. The pooled between group comparison had p = 0.031. Context: Within group decreases in two 12 week trials and a pooled between group difference of p = 0.031; the measure was blood LDL. |
| Bahadoran · 2012 81 patients with type 2 diabetes assigned |
Sprout powder 5 or 10g/day 4 weeks · placebo controlled | Lower triglycerides · higher HDL cholesterolFinding: In the 10 g/day group, triglycerides and the oxidized LDL/LDL ratio fell, while HDL rose. Context: Blood lipid results from a four week trial in people with type 2 diabetes. |
Inflammatory marker · before and after intake
| Study and participants | Intake and observation | Findings and context |
|---|---|---|
| López-Chillón · 2019 40 adults with overweight |
Fresh sprouts 30g/day · 70 days follow-up afterward | Inflammatory marker IL-6: 4.76 → 2.11 pg/mLFinding: Mean IL-6 fell from 4.76 to 2.11 pg/mL over 70 days. Context: Uncontrolled before and after values in overweight adults. The observed change was a reduction in an inflammatory marker. |
Related metabolic and oxidative damage markers
| Study and participants | Intake and observation | Findings and context |
|---|---|---|
| Dwibedi · 2025 89 adults with prediabetes assigned |
SFN 150μmol/day · 12 weeks extract 35 / placebo 39 participants | Finding: BMI, fatty liver index, and blood lipids did not differ significantly from placebo. Context: A 12 week trial primarily evaluated fasting glucose and also measured body weight and lipid metabolism markers. |
| Bahadoran · 2011 81 assigned / 63 analyzed |
Sprout powder 5 or 10g/day 4 weeks · placebo controlled | Finding: Oxidized LDL and oxidative stress markers decreased. Context: Oxidative damage markers were assessed; recruitment criteria matched the 2012 lipid report. |
Sources
- Armah, et al. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015;59:918-926.DOI 10.1002/mnfr.201400863
- Bahadoran, et al. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2012;96:348-354.DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.01.009
- López-Chillón, et al. Clin Nutr. 2019;38.DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.03.006
- Dwibedi, et al. Nat Microbiol. 2025;10.DOI 10.1038/s41564-025-01932-w
- Bahadoran, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011;65.DOI 10.1038/ejcn.2011.59